At St Joseph’s College, it is an expectation that all students will reference their sources correctly.
Referencing, or the process of acknowledging your research and cited sources, is a requirement of academic work. Referencing is important for many reasons, namely to:
Anytime that you have found information for your assessment that:
Generally, the College uses the Harvard Anglia Referencing Style, also known as the author-date system. However, as there are a few subjects – especially in Year 11 and 12 – that require a different style to be utilised. As such, you SHOULD NOT assume that you are to use Harvard; you should check with your subject teacher before beginning referencing.
When using the Harvard Anglia Style, the author’s name, date, and page number are placed in the text directly following the reference with a detailed description of the author’s work contained in a list at the end. Below is a diagram to outline the main components of the Harvard Anglia Style:
There are many online guides that can assist you with Harvard Anglia Referencing (and other styles), including:
Whatever referencing system you are required to use, the most important rule for referencing (aside from following the style guide) is to BE CONSISTENT.
A Bibliography/List of References is an alphabetical list by author or title at the end of your assignment.
It is necessary to acknowledge other peoples’ work quoted or paraphrased in your assignment and to show the extent you researched the topic. The information provided in the list assists the reader in locating these sources.
You will need to write down the details of each information source (e.g. book, journal, newspaper article, encyclopaedia, CD Rom, Internet source, TV broadcast, DVD) as you access them, so your Bibliography/ List of References will be complete. It is important to keep a record of all information sources, even if you do not directly cite them in your assignment but have used them for background research.
In the Harvard Anglia Referencing system, there are two different types of reference records:
It is important to clarify with your teacher whether they would like a Reference List or a Bibliography.
Below is a brief outline the structure of commonly used texts in the Bibliography/List of References within the Harvard Anglia Style:
Book – one author
Adams-Smith, P., 1978. The ANZACS. Melbourne: Thomas Nelson.
Book – two or three authors
Boone, L. &. Kurtz D., 1992. Contemporary Marketing. 7th edition ed. Hinsdale: Dryden Press.
Print Newspaper Article
Slapper, G., 2005. Corporate manslaughter: new issues for lawyers. The Times, 3 Sep. p.4b.
Play text
Shakespeare, W., 1976. Macbeth. Edited by Andrews, R. and Sorrenson, T. eds. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Film
Farenheit 9/11. 2004. [Film] Directed by Michael Moore. America: Dog Eat Dog Films.
Broadcasts – Television Episode
The day of the Doctor, 2014. Doctor Who, 50th anniversary episode series. [TV programme]. BBC, BBC 1, 23 November 2013.
Website
University of Reading, 2020. Managing references: Word’s References tool. [Online]
Available at: https://libguides.reading.ac.uk/managing-references [Accessed 04 August 2020].
Online Journal Article
Cary, C., 2011. Bedside manner. Medical Times, 88(13), pp.13–24.
Online Image
Coca Cola, 2020. Coke can designs. [image online] Available at: <https://cocacola.com/planthecan> [Accessed 9 May 2020].
An in-text reference is literally as its name suggests: a reference that is cited in the text of the assignment. In-text references generally fall under two different types:
Direct Quotes: these are where you are directly quoting an extract from a source. For all direct quotes you must provide a page number for where the quote was found in addition to the author and publication date. You should also ensure that you introduce the quote and discuss its relevance.
Otherwise, the quote will not be effective in proving the point you are trying to make. It is important to note that direct quotes are formatted differently based on their length.
Direct quotes that are 30 words or less occur within the paragraph of the assignment and are contained within quotation marks.
For example:
The library is the most important part of the school; it is the hub where information and ideas live and is the place where students can come to relax and escape. The CEO of ‘Good Schools Australia’, James Smith, recognises this stating: ‘a good library is the heart of the school. Take away the library and you take away the life source (2018, p.3).’
Direct quotes that are 30+ words are placed on a new line and are indented (usually by 1 inch). These are not contained within quotation marks.
For example:
The library is the most important part of the school; it is the hub where information and ideas live and is the place where students can come to relax and escape. The CEO of ‘Good Schools Australia’, James Smith, recognises this stating:
a good library is the heart of the school. Take away the library and you take away the life source. One only need to look at the range of services and spaces provided by the library to see this as truth: physical and digital resources; hardware and software; reading, research, collaborative and maker spaces; and helpful staff are just the beginning (2018, p.3).
In-direct quote/paraphrase: an in-direct quote occurs when you have made reference to an idea or information from a source but have done so in your own words. You still have to reference these ideas because they are not your own work. Generally, for an in-direct quote, you are still required to provide the author, year of publication and page number, and they occur within the structure of the paragraph in which they are contained.
For example:
In recent times, the status of the library as the hub of a school has been recognised due to the litany of services and resources that they provide (Smith 2018, p.3)
While you can format your references manually following the style guide in your diary or on one of the websites provided, there are many digital tools that take the hard work out of referencing.
However, you will find that many of the free, online tools (such as citethisforme, mybib andHarvard referencing generator) do not provide reliable results. As such, St Joseph’s College requires students to use the Referencing Tool contained within Microsoft Word. This tool ensures that students are able to format their references easily, correctly and consistently within the existing assignment document.
Microsoft provides a handy guide on how to use the tool here – https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/ office/create-a-bibliography-citations-and-references-17686589-4824-4940-9c69-342c289fa2a5 – but the photos and steps below give a quick overview also.
Become a Future Thinker.
Book your school tour.